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Extreme Plasticity in the Skull Shape of Dogs

Domestic dogs show vast skull shape diversity, from small Pekingese to large Borzoi, driven by selective breeding rather than survival pressures. Breeds like the English Bulldog, needing human aid for survival and reproduction, highlight health issues but remain dogs, not evolving into new species. This plasticity, yet species consistency, suggests intelligent design with built-in variability, as in Genesis, challenging evolutionary views and fossil misclassification.

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Spider Silk: Design at All Levels

Nature’s efficient systems, like spider silk, inspire biomimetics to improve technologies such as solar cells and implants. Evolutionists credit millions of years for nature’s “design,” but spider silk—stronger than steel, elastic, and lightweight—shows spiders’ precise control over its chemistry and thread diameter for various uses. High DNA similarity in silk proteins suggests a common origin, yet evolution lacks answers for the complex silk synthesis system, present since the fossil record. This complexity supports intelligent design over Darwinian evolution.

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Design, Spiders, and “Integrated Wholes”

The idea of design in nature contrasts with the belief in naturalism, which assumes simple materials explain life’s complexity. Design suggests pre-existing complexity from an intelligent entity. Organisms like spiders are “integrated wholes,” with interdependent systems enabling precise behaviors. Reductionist evolutionary views in textbooks overlook this holistic integration, which a design perspective better captures, emphasizing the organism as more than its parts.

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Phonotaxis: The Meaningful Songs of Crickets

Cricket songs, crucial for reproduction, rely on complex sound recognition. Female crickets exhibit phonotaxis, moving toward low-frequency calls and away from high-frequency ones. The L3 neuron, sensitive to both, modulates responses based on call patterns, influenced by a network, timing, age, hormones, and the environment. This intricate, variable system suggests intelligent design over random processes.

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Mathematics and Design in the Realm of Bees

Bees instinctively build hexagonal honeycombs, noted as being geometrically optimal, using minimal wax and energy compared to squares or triangles. Hexagons, with interior angles of 120°, are one of three regular polygons that tessellate a plane without gaps. The thin yet strong honeycomb walls and collective construction reflect order and purpose. This efficient, beautiful design points to God as the Creator and Universal Designer.

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Interrelated Design in the Swiftlet

Australian Swiftlets use a unique incubation strategy where the first homeothermic nestling incubates a second single-egg clutch, hatching just after the first fledges, maximizing productivity despite limited food. They echolocate to navigate caves, nesting strategically to avoid predators, and build saliva-based nests. Their wings, with stiff feathers and unique aerodynamics, enable all-day flight and high maneuverability. These integrated, precise adaptations suggest intelligent design by a Creator.

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Design in the Water-Salt Physiology of Fishes

Fish maintain water-salt balance in diverse aquatic environments through specialized gill and kidney functions. Freshwater fish counter water gain and ion loss with high urine output and ion uptake, while marine fish combat water loss and ion gain by drinking and excreting ions. Euryhaline fish, like salmon and eels, adapt to salinity changes in weeks, not millions of years. An interventionist hypothesis suggests fish were designed with adaptive mechanisms for varying salinities, possibly for a global flood, indicating intelligent design over evolutionary processes.

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Squid: Uniquely Adapted to a Changing Environment

Tropical squids have daily statolith growth rings that reveal lifespans under 200 days, not five years as once thought. Their rapid growth stems from fast digestion, protein-based metabolism, continuous muscle growth, and efficient oxygen use. Unlike fish, they prioritize growth over storage, adapting to environmental changes. During 1997–1998 El Niño/La Niña events, Loligo opalescens grew larger and faster in nutrient-rich La Niña conditions. This adaptability, reflecting squid as “ecosystem recorders,” suggests divine design in their complex biology, aligning with belief in a Creator God.

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Foraging in the Ocean Twilight Zone

Sperm whales, massive deep-diving mammals, hunt squid using echolocation via "monkey lips" and the spermaceti organ, with sound received through sensitive fat tissue. Their lungs collapse to avoid pressure damage, while high hemoglobin/myoglobin and slowed metabolism optimize oxygen use. Thick blubber and a countercurrent heat-exchange system maintain body temperature. These precise, integrated adaptations for deep-sea survival suggest intelligent design by a wise Creator.

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The Unseen Wonder of Coccolithophores

Coccolithophores, microscopic marine algae, reflect divine design with their intricate coccospheres. These tiny calcareous plates are vital for photosynthesis and calcification, forming 98% of ocean biomass, producing half of global oxygen and reducing CO2. Their diverse, functional designs, like Braarudosphaera’s pentagonal dodecahedron, aid flotation and ecology, challenging naturalism and showcasing the Creator’s wisdom and beauty.

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The Signature of the Creator Revealed in Photosynthesis

Photosynthesis, where plants convert light energy into organic compounds, involves precisely designed leaves and chloroplasts with chlorophyll, requiring 17 enzymes. Photosystems I and II generate ATP and NADPH, fueling the Calvin cycle to produce glucose from CO2. This complex, enzyme-dependent process suggests intelligent design. By producing glucose and oxygen, photosynthesis sustains animal life, highlighting the Creator’s intricate planning.

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Review—The Riot and the Dance: Water

New nature documentary by Dr. Gordon Wilson premiers on March 6.

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Design in Crane Fly Eyes

Fossilized crane fly eyes discovered to be calcified and have melanin

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Cnidarian Venom Evolution: Nothing New Under the Sun

Cnidarians appear to have recruited as toxins the same kinds of proteins recruited by many other venomous animals. However, toxin diversity within groups of organisms does not appear to be related to the alleged evolutionary history of the various groups.

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Different Colors on Different Soils

The specific genes have been identified that cause a lizard to match the black rocks it lives on.

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The Giant Flightless Birds Have Similar Changes in Regulatory Genes Leading to Flightlessness

Is the genetic basis of loss of flight due to mutations in protein-coding genes or in regulatory genes?

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Two Jellyfish Genomes Are as Different as Humans and Sea Urchins

Comparison of genomes of jellyfish and sea anemones highlights the importance of orphan genes in taxonomically close organisms.

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Genetic Similarity Does Not Necessarily Mean Common Inheritance

Different populations of stickleback fish have parallel genetic adaptations to similar local habitats.

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Prolonged Milk Provisioning in a Jumping Spider

A jumping spider has been discovered to produce a kind of milk to nourish its babies, in a manner similar to what mammals do.

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What a Wood Warbler Can Tell us About “Filling the Earth”

Hybridization among wood warblers suggests “filling the earth” through dispersal, speciation and adaptation to local habitats.

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